A new study published in Sugar Tech demonstrates a major step forward in sustainable biomass processing by optimizing deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment for enhanced lignin removal from sugarcane bagasse. Researchers evaluated a choline chloride–glycerol DES system under moderate temperatures and used response surface methodology (RSM) to pinpoint the most effective combination of temperature, solvent ratio, and reaction time.
Sugarcane bagasse, a major agro-industrial waste, contains tightly bound cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. While lignin is a valuable precursor for high-value chemicals, separating it efficiently is notoriously challenging. Traditional methods often rely on harsh chemicals and high temperatures that compromise sustainability.
This study tackled that issue using a greener approach. By synthesizing a DES using choline chloride and glycerol, the researchers explored lignin removal at 75–100°C—significantly milder than conventional techniques. Using RSM-CCD, the optimal pretreatment conditions were identified:
ChCl/Gly molar ratio 1:3, liquid-to-solid ratio 20:1, 100°C, and 12 hours, which produced a lignin removal efficiency of 80.14%.
Advanced characterization techniques revealed how the DES modified the biomass structure. FTIR spectra showed clear signatures of lignin fragmentation and increased carbohydrate exposure. XRD analysis demonstrated a jump in crystallinity from 38.08% to 55.70%, indicating successful removal of amorphous lignin and hemicellulose. SEM images confirmed major fiber disintegration after DES treatment, showcasing structural breakdown conducive to downstream processing.
This eco-friendly DES pretreatment not only improves lignin extraction but also enhances cellulose accessibility—paving the way for more efficient enzymatic hydrolysis and bioproduct manufacturing. The study reinforces the role of DES as a promising green chemistry alternative for biomass valorization, particularly in industries exploring sustainable pathways to biochemicals such as lactic acid.
Reference
Nissa, R. C., Nugroho, R. W. N., Irmayanti, M., Laksana, R. P. B., Nurhamiyah, Y., Kusumah, S. S., Khoerunnisa, F., Abdullah, A. H. D., Ishmayana, S., Sumiarsa, D., hidawati, H., hidayat, H., & fateha, F. (2025). Optimization of DES-based Pretreatment for Enhanced Lignin Removal from Sugarcane Bagasse: An Experimental and Response Surface Methodology Approach. Sugar Tech. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-025-01672-5
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